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History of Argentine nationality
Ideas and practices of nationality and citizenship in the Republic of Argentina (and before that, in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and the Inca Empire) have changed with distinct periods of its history, including but not limited to periods of indigenous, colonial, republican, and military rule.
These periods, in which political rights were often denied to both citizens and non-citizens, encouraged the development of resistance movements. This history of resistance and fighting for political rights is deeply imbedded in the modern Argentine notion of citizenship.
== Inca nationality ==
The Inca Empire was a conglomeration of conquered ethnic groups - ''etnías'' - ruled by ethnic Inca from the Cuzco-Lake Titicaca Basin in what is now central Peru. They called their empire ''Tiwantinsuyu,'' meaning "four corners." Modern northern and western Argentina was a part of Kollasuyu.〔D'Altroy, Terence N. ''The Incas.'' Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2003 (87-88).〕 The Inca elite imposed their own institutions on conquered territories, while at the same time incorporating local customs on a case-by-case basis. Because the Argentine portion of Kollasuyu was on the edge of the empire the communities there had even more local autonomy than elsewhere in the empire, but were still subject to Inca protection and duties through the mita system of reciprocity. At the same time, Inca statebuilding was based on the threat of violence.〔Morris, Craig. “Inka Strategies of Incorporation and Governance.” In Archaic States, ed. Gary m. Feinman and Joycee Marcus, pp293-309. School of American Research, Santa Fe, New Mexico.〕
This interplay of threat and promise, combined with the ethnic diversity of the conquered groups, created an Inca citizenship that was not ethnic but territorial and administrative, and based on a reciprocal relationship of rights and duties. Though citizens were ultimately loyal to their particular ''etnías'' and communities (ayllus), the Inca Empire's formal structures were a clear and unifying presence, even at its edges.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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